Absolutely everyone should know how the human papilloma virus is transmitted. More than half of the world's population is already carrier of the papillomavirus. HPV is a special microorganism capable of reproducing in epithelial cells and preventing their division. More often activated in the body in women. Are people carrying the virus contagious and what are the modes of transmission? Having only complete information about the modes of transmission of the virus, you can warn yourself and your loved ones about infection. The main source of infection is the carrier of the HPV virus.
Transfer Methods
Among the mechanisms under the influence of which you can become infected are:
- Contact;
- vertical (from mother to child during labor).
The implementation of the contact mechanism is carried out through sexual and contact-household. Therefore, HPV can be transmitted by:
- handshake and kiss;
- use of other people's hygiene products, which include razor, washcloth, soap, towel and cosmetics;
- wear clothes belonging to the carrier of the infection;
- visit public baths, saunas and swimming pools.
Oncogenic types of the virus are sexually transmitted. The risk of infection increases many times in people who have promiscuous partners. The more often they change, the higher the risk of infection, and even using a condom you cannot be sure of your safety.
You can also become infected through homosexual relations, since it is they that are characterized by damage to the epithelium and mucous membrane. And a condom in this case doesn't really help either. The presence of warts on the body of a sexual partner also signals the possibility of contracting HPV through bodily microtraumas.
Pregnant women with HPV should be aware of the possibility of infecting a child when passing through the birth canal.
Infection is carried out only in the presence of characteristic growths in the genital area and cervix. At the same time, papillomavirus infection in a child manifests itself in the form of growths in the larynx, which pose a special danger. It will be difficult for the baby to breathe and eat, possibly even choking.
Conditions conducive to infection
Contact with someone who has HPV does not necessarily mean infection. Only if there are lesions on the skin and mucous membranes, the papillomavirus can enter the body. As a result, HPV is much easier to infect if the skin has:
- injuries;
- grooves;
- abrasions;
- cracks;
- abrasions;
- raking.
During sexual intercourse, it should be borne in mind that various types of skin wounds can be found on the tissues adjacent to the genitals. When using a condom, an infection can also be carried out.
The mucosa becomes unsure of infection with a depressed immune system. The appearance of papillomas and warts in the genital area is often triggered by the presence of other infections in the body. If such growths are found, treatment should be carried out not only by the carrier of HPV, but also by his partner.
Violation of the microflora of the vagina in women and even the intestines in both sexes can also lead to a decrease in immunity, and therefore the papillomavirus enters the body more easily.
HPV activation
Even if the papillomavirus infection is already present in the body, you cannot notice any of its manifestations. It is not at all necessary for growths to appear on the body. The papillomavirus often occurs in the latent stage and absolutely without symptoms.
HPV can be compared with the herpes virus, which is also present in the body of most of the population, but the characteristic symptoms on the body are far from always indicating its presence. With a strong immune system, the papillomavirus may not multiply.
Only under favorable conditions does the development of HPV infection begin to intensify. There is an active reproduction of virions in the nuclei of cells, which leads to disturbances in cell reproduction. Using human cells, the papillomavirus creates copies of itself. As a result, uncontrolled cell reproduction and the appearance of neoplasms on the body.
Conditions that cause virus activation:
- exacerbation of all diseases that can be called chronic;
- recent infectious diseases;
- the presence of an intestinal infection;
- congenital immunodeficiency;
- non-compliance with diet and diet;
- labor in production, which belongs to the category of pests;
- frequent stressful situations.
The activation of the virus can be caused by various factors, which to a greater or lesser extent affect the state of the immune system. Only with depressed immunity, neoplasms appear on the body.
Preventative measures
There are a number of preventive measures, thanks to which infection with the human papillomavirus is very likely not to enter the body.
- all damage to the skin should be treated with antiseptics;
- use only personal hygiene products;
- in public saunas, baths and pools it is necessary to use rubber slippers;
- any illness should be treated in a timely manner;
- fidelity to a trustworthy sexual partner;
- use a condom for all sexual intercourse. Although it does not guarantee safety, nevertheless, through a condom, the papillomavirus enters the body of women and men with less probability;
- regular exercise;
- hardening of the body;
- compliance with sleep and nutrition.
Such precautions should be taken not only to avoid HPV infection, but also other sexually transmitted infections. The condom offers a guarantee against infection by many diseases that cause the activation of the HPV virus.
In the event of the presence of a virus in the body of a pregnant woman and its manifestations in the genital area, a full examination and removal of these neoplasms is necessary. If there are papillomas on the genitals, a cesarean section is recommended for a woman to prevent infection of the child when passing through the birth canal.
There is a special vaccine against highly oncogenic virus strains, which is mainly recommended for women under 26 and adolescents. Even on the condition that the HPV carrier himself is vaccinated, his immunity improves markedly and the virus goes into an inactive phase.
At the same time, it should be taken into account that the virus does not disappear from the body, and therefore the person remains a carrier of the infection. For safety reasons, he must use a condom during sexual intercourse and only use personal hygiene products.
Provide
More prone to such manifestations of HPV as growths on the body of the female body. Their immune system is much weaker and resists the virus poorly. But at the same time, there is no reason to believe that a man does not have to worry about the presence of a virus. It also poses a threat, being a source of infection.
Any neoplasm on the body cannot be removed independently. All actions should be performed only under the supervision of the attending physician.
Infection can be avoided. It is enough to follow personal hygiene, use a condom during sex, carefully monitor your own skin and pay attention to the presence of growths on the body of loved ones.